In ancient times, Basilicata was strongly affected by the Greek influence, as evidenced by the still widespread tree-breeding and the most cultivated vine, the aglianico, which absolutely identifies the oenology of this region. The most suitable areas are located on the Vulture hills, with volcanic soils and very high plant density, where it has found the ideal habitat to give juicy clusters used in the production of Aglianico del Vulture, one of the greatest Italian wines and the only DOCG of the region.
The particular alpine microclimate of this territory, with short summers, harsh and long winters, frequent frosts, and the international vines cultivated at about 600 m, give wines with a strong and well-structured character.
In 2009, wine production in Basilicata was 144,000 hl, but what is striking is the lowest national yield, with around 5 t/Ha.